Unit 118
Words 2341–2360 · virus, precisely, rival, offense, detect, teenager
virus
#2341noun
A very small living thing that can cause illness in people, animals, or plants.
The doctor said a virus was causing my fever and sore throat.
Please wash your hands often to help prevent the virus from spreading.
Several students stayed home because a stomach virus was spreading at school.
My computer caught a virus after I opened a suspicious email attachment.
The flu virus can spread quickly when people travel on crowded airplanes.
precisely
#2342adverb
Exactly, accurately, or in a very clear and specific way.
The train leaves precisely at eight o'clock every morning.
Please tell me precisely what happened during the meeting.
The package arrived precisely when the delivery driver promised.
Cut the vegetables precisely the same size so they cook evenly.
The doctor explained precisely how to take the medicine each day.
rival
#2343noun, verb, adjective
A person, team, or company competing against another; to compete with someone or something.
Our biggest rival opened a new store across the street.
The two teams have been rivals since they first played football together.
Our company is trying to rival the market leader with cheaper products.
She rivaled her brother in cooking, and both prepared excellent meals.
The new hotel rivals the best places we visited during our trip.
offense
#2344noun
An illegal act or behavior that breaks a law or rule.
The police charged him with a serious offense after the store robbery.
The player received a yellow card for a dangerous offense during the match.
Parking in front of the hospital entrance is a traffic offense.
She worried that her rude comment might cause offense at dinner.
The school treats cheating on exams as a serious offense.
detect
#2345verb
to notice or discover something, especially something that is difficult to see or hear
The doctor detected a small problem during my routine health check.
Our smoke alarm detected a fire before anyone noticed the smoke.
The teacher detected several mistakes in my science project.
The airport scanner detected something unusual inside the traveler's suitcase.
I detected a sweet smell coming from the oven.
teenager
#2346noun
A person aged between thirteen and nineteen years old.
The teenager walked home from school with two close friends.
Her teenage son helps prepare dinner for the family every evening.
The teenager found a part-time job at a local supermarket.
A teenager asked the bus driver for directions to the city center.
The doctor advised the teenager to get more sleep and exercise.
admire
#2347verb
to respect and like someone or something because of their good qualities
I really admire my mother for working hard and caring for our family.
Many students admire their teacher because she makes difficult lessons easy.
We stopped to admire the beautiful view from the mountain road.
She admired the elegant dress in the shop window but did not buy it.
He admired his friend’s courage during the difficult health problem.
moderate
#2348adjective, verb, noun
Not extreme; average in amount, strength, or level.
The weather will be moderate tomorrow, so we can eat lunch outside.
Please use moderate heat when cooking the vegetables so they stay crisp.
She exercises moderately three times a week to stay healthy.
The teacher moderated the discussion so every student had time to speak.
The moderator asked both guests to explain their opinions clearly.
surgery
#2349noun
Medical treatment that involves cutting open the body to repair or remove something.
She needs surgery to repair her injured knee after the accident.
The surgery went well, and he returned home two days later.
My doctor recommended surgery because the pain had become much worse.
Her father is recovering from surgery and needs help at home.
The hospital scheduled his surgery for early Monday morning.
musician
#2350noun
A person who plays or writes music, especially as a job.
The musician played beautiful songs at our wedding last weekend.
My brother wants to become a professional musician after college.
We met a street musician playing violin outside the train station.
The school invited a local musician to teach students about jazz.
The musician recorded a new album in a quiet studio.
significance
#2351noun
the importance or meaning of something
The teacher explained the significance of the final exam for our grades.
We discussed the significance of this discovery during the science lesson.
The small gift had great significance because it came from my grandmother.
The doctor explained the significance of my test results carefully.
Many visitors do not understand the historical significance of this old building.
shower
#2352noun, verb
A place or time when you wash your body under falling water.
I usually take a quick shower before I leave for work.
She showered after exercising because she was hot and sweaty.
The hotel has a large shower next to the bathtub.
We got caught in a sudden shower while walking through the park.
The nurse gave the patient a shower after the operation.
illegal
#2353adjective
Not allowed by law or official rules.
It is illegal to drive without a license in this country.
The store was selling illegal copies of popular movies.
They were arrested for carrying illegal drugs through the airport.
The teacher explained why downloading music illegally can hurt artists.
Our neighbors built an illegal room without getting permission first.
charity
#2354noun
An organization or money given to help people who are poor, sick, or in need.
She gives part of her salary to charity every month.
The school held a charity sale to help families after the flood.
We bought these books from a charity shop near the station.
Our office organized a charity run for the local hospital.
The charity provides free meals and warm clothes for homeless people.
universal
#2355adjective
Including everyone or everything; found or used in all parts of the world.
The company hopes to create a universal design for people of all ages.
Music is a universal language that brings people together across cultures.
The teacher explained that there is no universal answer to this question.
The new phone charger has a universal plug for different countries.
The hospital offers universal health coverage to every resident in the area.
cigarette
#2356noun
a thin paper tube filled with tobacco that people smoke
He went outside to smoke a cigarette after lunch.
She took a cigarette from the pack and lit it.
My doctor told me to stop smoking cigarettes for my health.
Someone left a cigarette burning in the kitchen ashtray.
The hotel room smelled strongly of cigarette smoke.
constitute
#2357verb
To form or make up something as part of a whole.
Women constitute more than half of the students at this university.
These three parts constitute the basic structure of the machine.
Local businesses constitute an important part of the town’s economy.
The committee is constituted of teachers, parents, and community leaders.
High fever and severe tiredness can constitute signs of an infection.
adequate
#2358adjective
Good enough for a particular purpose or need
The hotel room was small, but it was adequate for one night.
We need adequate time to finish the project before Friday.
The jacket provides adequate protection from the cold winter wind.
The school has adequate facilities for sports and other activities.
Make sure you eat an adequate amount of food before the long journey.
consultant
#2359noun
an expert who gives advice to a person or organization
The company hired a consultant to improve its customer service.
We asked a travel consultant to help us plan our holiday.
The school invited an education consultant to train its teachers.
My doctor sent me to a health consultant about my diet.
The kitchen consultant helped us choose new cupboards and appliances.
historian
#2360noun
A person who studies and writes about events and people from the past.
The historian wrote a book about the city's early history.
Our history teacher invited a historian to speak to the class.
The historian examined old letters to learn what people really experienced.
My friend wants to become a historian after studying history at university.
A local historian showed tourists the oldest buildings in town.