Leading a Debate on a Controversial Topic

主持关于争议话题的辩论

An academic leads a structured debate on a contentious topic within their field, facilitating discussion, moderating opposing viewpoints, and summarizing key arguments.

一位学者在其领域内主持一场关于有争议话题的结构化辩论，促进讨论，调和对立观点，并总结主要论点。

对话

聆听并跟进对话

Moderator (Male)

Welcome everyone to today's debate on the ethical implications of AI in medical diagnostics. We have compelling arguments from both sides. To start, let's hear the opening statement from the affirmative team, Dr. Chen.

欢迎大家参加今天关于人工智能在医疗诊断中伦理影响的辩论。我们有双方都有力的论点。首先，让我们听听正方陈博士的开场陈述。

Dr. Chen (Affirmative) (Female)

Thank you. Our central argument is that AI, when properly regulated, offers unparalleled diagnostic accuracy, leading to earlier detection and better patient outcomes, thereby fulfilling our ethical imperative to improve healthcare. The benefits far outweigh the risks.

谢谢。我们的核心论点是，人工智能在适当监管下，能提供无与伦比的诊断准确性，从而实现早期发现和更好的患者结果，从而履行我们改善医疗保健的伦理义务。其益处远远超过风险。

Moderator (Male)

Thank you, Dr. Chen. Now, for the opposing viewpoint, Dr. Lee, could you present your opening statement?

谢谢陈博士。现在，对于反方观点，李博士，您能陈述您的开场白吗？

Dr. Lee (Negative) (Male)

Certainly. While acknowledging AI's potential, we contend that its inherent 'black box' nature poses significant challenges to transparency and accountability, particularly when diagnostic errors occur. Furthermore, the erosion of human judgment and potential biases in training data raise serious ethical concerns that could undermine patient trust.

当然。我们承认人工智能的潜力，但我们认为其固有的“黑箱”性质对透明度和问责制构成了重大挑战，尤其是在发生诊断错误时。此外，人类判断力的削弱和训练数据中潜在的偏见引发了严重的伦理问题，这可能会损害患者的信任。

Moderator (Male)

Thank you, Dr. Lee. Both sides have laid out their foundational arguments. Dr. Chen, in response to Dr. Lee's point about the 'black box' nature, how do you address concerns regarding transparency and accountability?

谢谢李博士。双方都阐述了他们的基本论点。陈博士，针对李博士关于“黑箱”性质的观点，您如何解决透明度和问责制方面的担忧？

Dr. Chen (Affirmative) (Female)

That's a valid concern, and indeed, research is heavily focused on developing explainable AI models. Furthermore, the human clinician always remains in the loop as the final decision-maker, ensuring accountability. We're not advocating for fully autonomous AI, but rather AI as a powerful assistive tool.

这是一个合理的担忧，事实上，研究正在大力关注开发可解释的人工智能模型。此外，人类临床医生始终作为最终决策者参与其中，确保问责制。我们不提倡完全自主的人工智能，而是将其作为一种强大的辅助工具。

Moderator (Male)

Dr. Lee, your rebuttal on Dr. Chen's point about human oversight?

李博士，您对陈博士关于人为监督的观点的反驳？

Dr. Lee (Negative) (Male)

While human oversight is crucial, we must consider the desensitization effect. Over-reliance could lead to a decline in critical thinking skills, potentially masking subtle errors from AI. And concerning explainable AI, it's still largely theoretical in complex medical scenarios, not yet a practical solution for widespread ethical deployment.

虽然人为监督至关重要，但我们必须考虑去敏感化效应。过度依赖可能导致批判性思维能力的下降，从而可能掩盖人工智能的细微错误。至于可解释的人工智能，在复杂的医疗场景中，它仍然 largely 停留在理论层面，尚未成为广泛伦理部署的实用解决方案。

Moderator (Male)

Excellent points from both sides. We are nearing the end of our allotted time. Before we conclude, I'd like to summarize the core tension: the undeniable efficiency and accuracy potential of AI versus the profound ethical questions surrounding transparency, accountability, and the human element. Thank you, Dr. Chen and Dr. Lee, for a truly illuminating discussion.

双方的观点都非常精彩。我们的时间所剩无几。在结束之前，我想总结一下核心矛盾：人工智能不可否认的效率和准确性潜力，以及围绕透明度、问责制和人为因素的深刻伦理问题。感谢陈博士和李博士，带来了一场真正富有启发性的讨论。

词汇

对话中的必备词汇和短语

ethical

Relating to moral principles of right and wrong; in discussions, it often refers to what is fair or responsible in a field like medicine or technology.

与是非道德原则相关的；在讨论中，它通常指在医学或技术等领域中什么是公平或负责任的。

implications

The possible effects or results of something; useful in academic talks to discuss consequences of an idea or action.

某事物的可能效果或结果；在学术讨论中用于探讨一个想法或行动的后果。

affirmative

Supporting or agreeing with a statement, often used in debates to mean the 'pro' or 'yes' side.

支持或同意一个陈述，通常在辩论中用于表示“赞成”或“是”的一方。

compelling

Very convincing or persuasive; in debates, it describes arguments that strongly influence opinions.

非常有说服力或说服人的；在辩论中，它描述那些强烈影响意见的论点。

black box

A term for systems like AI where the inner workings are not clear or understandable; commonly used in tech discussions to highlight lack of transparency.

指像AI这样的系统，其内部工作原理不清晰或不可理解；在技术讨论中常用以强调缺乏透明度。

transparency

The quality of being open and clear so others can understand processes; important in ethics to build trust.

公开和清晰的质量，使他人能够理解过程；在伦理中建立信任很重要。

accountability

Being responsible for one's actions and able to explain them; key in professional settings like healthcare to ensure safety.

对自己的行为负责并能够解释它们；在医疗保健等专业环境中至关重要，以确保安全。

rebuttal

A response that refutes or counters an argument; used in debates to directly address opponent's points.

一种反驳或反击论点的回应；在辩论中用于直接回应对方的观点。

over-reliance

Depending too much on something, which can lead to problems; practical for discussing risks in technology use.

对某物过度依赖，这可能导致问题；适用于讨论技术使用中的风险。

关键句型

需要记住和练习的重要短语

Welcome everyone to today's debate on the ethical implications of AI in medical diagnostics.

This is a formal opening sentence for starting a discussion or event; it's useful for moderators to greet participants and state the topic clearly. Notice the use of 'welcome' for politeness and 'on the [topic]' to introduce the subject.

这是一个用于启动讨论或活动的正式开场白；它对主持人来说很有用，可以问候参与者并清楚说明主题。请注意使用“welcome”来表示礼貌，以及“on the [topic]”来介绍主题。

Our central argument is that AI, when properly regulated, offers unparalleled diagnostic accuracy.

This presents the main idea in a debate; 'central argument' means the core point, and 'when [condition], [result]' shows conditional benefits. Useful for stating your position strongly in academic talks.

这呈现了辩论中的主要观点；'central argument' 意味着核心点，'when [condition], [result]' 显示条件益处。在学术演讲中强烈陈述你的立场很有用。

Now, for the opposing viewpoint, Dr. Lee, could you present your opening statement?

A polite transition to the other side in a debate; 'opposing viewpoint' means the counter opinion, and 'could you' is a formal request. Great for facilitating balanced discussions.

辩论中向另一方的礼貌过渡；'opposing viewpoint' 意思是反对方意见，'could you' 是一个正式请求。非常适合促进平衡讨论。

While acknowledging AI's potential, we contend that its inherent 'black box' nature poses significant challenges.

This concedes a point before countering it; 'while [concession], [main point]' is a common structure for balanced arguments. 'Contend that' means to argue strongly, ideal for rebuttals.

这是在承认一点后反驳它；‘while [concession], [main point]’是平衡论证的常见结构。‘Contend that’意为强烈主张，适合用于反驳。

That's a valid concern, and indeed, research is heavily focused on developing explainable AI models.

Acknowledges an opponent's point positively before responding; 'that's a valid concern' shows respect, and 'indeed' emphasizes agreement. Useful in debates to build rapport and address issues.

在回应前积极承认对手的观点；'这是一个合理的担忧'显示尊重，而'事实上'强调同意。在辩论中用于建立融洽关系并处理问题很有用。

While human oversight is crucial, we must consider the desensitization effect.

Starts a rebuttal by agreeing partially; 'while [positive], [but consider negative]' contrasts ideas. 'Crucial' means very important, helpful for nuanced arguments in discussions.

通过部分同意开始反驳；'while [positive], [but consider negative]' 对比观点。'Crucial' 意思是非常重要，有助于讨论中细致的论证。

Before we conclude, I'd like to summarize the core tension: the undeniable efficiency and accuracy potential of AI versus the profound ethical questions.

A closing summary sentence; 'core tension' means main conflict, and 'versus' shows opposition. 'Undeniable' means impossible to doubt. Perfect for wrapping up debates by highlighting key points.

一个结束的总结句子；'core tension'意味着主要冲突，'versus'显示对立。'Undeniable'意味着不可能怀疑。完美用于通过突出关键点来结束辩论。

Thank you, Dr. Chen and Dr. Lee, for a truly illuminating discussion.

A polite closing thanks; 'truly illuminating' means very enlightening. Use this to end formal talks appreciatively, showing gratitude and positivity.

礼貌的结束感谢语；“truly illuminating”意为非常启发性。用于正式讨论结束时表达感激和积极态度。